One of Euripides' political plays. The play deals with the appeal made by Adrastus, king of Argos, and the mothers of the Argive force which had attacked Thebes [in the war of Seven against Thebes] but who had lost to allow the bodies of the fallen Argive soldiers to receive a proper burial. King Creon of Thebes refused their appeal, and they asked Theseus king of Athens to intervene.
In the days when Theseus ruled in Athens, there was war between Argos and Thebes. For the two sons oj Oedipus, being mindful of their father 's curse, that they should divide their inheritance with the sword, covenanted to rule in turn, year by year, over Thebes. So Eteokles, being the elder, became king for the first year, and Polyneikes his brother departed from the land, lest any occasion of offence should arise. But when after a year's space he returned, Eteokles refused to yield to him the kingdom. Then went he to Adrastus king of Argos, who gave him his daughter to wife, and led forth a host of war under seven chiefs against Thebes. But, forasmuch as in going he set at nought oracles and seers, his array was utterly broken in battle, and of those seven captains none returned, but Adrastus only. Thereafter, according to the sacred custom of Hellas, and the law of war, the Argives sent to require the Thebans to suffer them to bear away their slain that they might bury them. For, among the Greeks, if a man being dead obtained not burial, this was accounted a calamity worse than death, forasmucJi as he was thereby made homeless and accurst in Hades. Yet did the Thebans impiously and despitefully reject that claim, being minded to wreak vengeance on their enemies after death. Then king Adrastus, with the mothers of the slain chiefs, came to Eleusis in Attica, and made supplication at the altar of Demeter to Aitlira the mother of Theseus, and to the king's self. So Theseus consented to their prayer, and led the array of Athens against Thebes, and there fought and prevailed, and so brought back the bodies of those chiefs, and rendered to them the death-rites at Eleusis.
Dramatis Personae
Aithra, mother of Theseus.
Theseus, son of Aigeus, king of Athens.
Adrastus, king of Argos.
Herald from Creon, king of Thebes.
Messenger from the army of Theseus before Thebes.
Evadne, wife of Capaneus, one of the seven chiefs of Argos.
Iphis, father of Evadne.
Sons of the slain chiefs of Argos.
Athene, Patron-goddess of Athens.
Chorus consists of Argive Women (mothers of the chiefs slain before the gates of Thebes) together with their Handmaidens.
Non-speaking silent parts:
Attendants to the Mothers, Aethra, and Theseus; Athenian Herald. guards, Athenian soldiers
Allocation of Roles:
Protagonist: Theseus, Messenger
Deuteragonist: Adrastus, Iphis
Tritagonist: Aethra, Creon's Herald, Evadne, Athena, Messenger from Theseus
Setting: Skene is the Temple of Demeter at Eleusis. The is an altar bestrewn with Suppliant branches.
Summary
First Episode [Lines 1–364]:
First Stasimon [Lines 365–381]:
The Chorus appeals to Athens for help.What will Athens resolve to do? Will she ally herself to their cause.
Chorus: O Athens, Justice you revere. Injustice you abhor. Ever prove the salvation of the wretched.
Second Episode [Lines 382–597]:
Second Stasimon [Lines 598–633]:
Third Episode [Lines 634–954]:
Third Stasimon [Lines 955–979]:
Fourth Episode [Lines 980–1234]:
References
The Suppliants (Euripides) - Wikipedia
Euripides: Suppliants (Ἱκέτιδες) - - Major Reference Works - Wiley Online Library
Suppliants by Euripides GreekMythology.com
The Suppliants - Euripides - Ancient Greece - Classical Literature
Crowell's handbook of classical drama p. 313 - Suppliants (Euripides) - Internet Archive
Adrastus - Wikipedia
Thebaid (Greek poem) - Wikipedia
Seven against Thebes - Wikipedia
Theseus - Wikipedia
The History of Herodotus: Book IX Chapter 27
Greek tragedy : a literary study Euripides - The Suppliant Women p. 232- : Kitto, H. D. F. - Internet Archive
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Euripides: Suppliant Women, with Introduction, Translation and Commentary – Bryn Mawr Classical Review
James Morwood (6 October 2016). The Plays of Euripides. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 45–. ISBN 978-1-4742-3361-3.
Euripidean drama : myth, theme and structure p. 93- Chapter 5 The Suppliants : Conacher, D. J - Internet Archive
Euripides (1975). Supplices: Commentary. Volume II Bouma's Boekhuis. ISBN 978-90-6088-046-3.
Euripides (1975). Supplices: Introduction and text. Volume I Bouma's Boekhuis. ISBN 978-90-6088-046-3.
Collard, C. “Notes on Euripides' Supplices.” The Classical Quarterly, vol. 13, no. 2, 1963, pp. 178–187. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/637608
Collard, C. “THE FUNERAL ORATION IN EURIPIDES' ‘SUPPLICES.’” Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, no. 19, 1972, pp. 39–53. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/43646290
R. B. Gamble. “Euripides' 'Suppliant Women': Decision and Ambivalence.” Hermes, vol. 98, no. 4, 1970, pp. 385–405. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/4475654
Fitton, J. W. “The Suppliant Women and the Herakleidai of Euripides: I. The Suppliant Women.” Hermes, vol. 89, no. 4, 1961, pp. 430–461. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/4475182
Toher, Mark. “Euripides' ‘Supplices’ and the Social Function of Funeral Ritual.” Hermes, vol. 129, no. 3, 2001, pp. 332–343. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/4477442
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KORNAROU, ELENI. “THE DISPLAY OF THE DEAD ON THE GREEK TRAGIC STAGE: THE CASE OF EURIPIDES' ‘SUPPLICES.’” Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, vol. 51, 2008, pp. 29–38. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/43646705
Morwood, James. “Euripides' ‘Suppliant Women’, Theseus and Athenocentrism.” Mnemosyne, vol. 65, no. 4/5, 2012, pp. 552–564., www.jstor.org/stable/41725239
Anderson, A. Sebastian. “The Seven against Thebes at Eleusis.” Illinois Classical Studies, vol. 40, no. 2, 2015, pp. 297–318. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/illiclasstud.40.2.0297.
Greek Versions
Euripides; Frederick Apthorp Paley (1872). Euripides: With an English Commentary : in Three Volumes. Volume I. p. 389- Hikitedes: Whittaker. pp. 389–.
Euripides, Suppliants, Gilbert Murray
Euripidou Hiketides: Euripidis Supplices mulieres [et Iphigenia in Aulide et ... : Euripides, Jeremiah Markland, Thomas Gaisford - Internet Archive
Translations
Plays. Six : Euripides - Internet Archive Kenneth McLeish
Suppliants (Euripides) - Wikisource
The Plays of Euripides (Coleridge)/The Suppliants - Wikisource, Euripides
The Internet Classics Archive | The Suppliants by Euripides (Coleridge)
Suppliant Women Ικέτιδες | Bacchicstage
Ion ; Orestes ; Phoenician women ; Suppliant women p.138- : Euripides - Internet Archive
Orestes, and other plays: The Suppliant Women p. 139 - Internet Archive P. Vellacott (Penguin 1972)
Euripides (2006). Orestes and Other Plays. Suppliant Women: Penguin Books Limited. pp. 231–. ISBN 978-0-14-196198-9.
Euripides. The Suppliants. Wyatt North Publishing, LLC.
Euripides (2007). Suppliant Women. Aris & Phillips/Oxbow. ISBN 978-0-85668-784-6.
Eyripidēs; Euripides; Rosanna (1995). Suppliant Women. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-504553-6
Audio/Visual
Suppliants, Euripides - YouTube Center for Hellenic Studies
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